Heatline visualization in hydromagnetic natural convection flow inside a prismatic heat exchanger using nanofluid

Abstract

This article deals with a numerical analysis of magneto hydrodynamic natural convection phenomena in a prismatic heat exchanger containing Cu-nanoparticles with water as a base fluid. The nature of this fluid flow is steady, and a heat exchanger is created by involving two uniform cylinders with the same shape in a prismatic cavity. To create the heat exchanger and the buoyancy force, a hot cylinder and another cool cylinder are taken a left and right sides respectively. All other walls of this prismatic cavity are kept as heat insulation. For solving governing equations, the finite element technique is applied by involving Galerkin weighted residual method. The impact of the magnetic field, the buoyancy force, and the size of nanoparticles are explained with the help of involving parameters Rayleigh number (Ra), Hartmann number (Ha), and the nanoparticles volume fraction (ϕ). These parameters are graphically and physically explained by using streamline, isotherm, and heatline contours. The Nusselt number is also calculated and explained in detail to show the validation of this investigation. The outcomes indicate that the natural convective heat and energy transfer are improved by increasing the Rayleigh number, and the nanoparticle volume fraction. Reverse behavior is noticed for the upsurge of Hartmann number. The findings of this heat exchanger model can be pragmatic to construct an operative cooling system for numerous shape mechanical chambers.