Anti-allergic and Anti-hyperglycemic Potentials of Lumnitzera racemose Leaves: In vivo and In silico Studies

Abstract

Lumnitzera racemosa a mangrove plant locally used to treat asthma, diabetes, herpes and hypertension. Present study was designed to investigate the anti-allergic and anti-hyperglycemic activities and also the responsible polyphenols for these potentials. Anti-allergic activity was evaluated on toluene 2,4-diisocyanate (TDI)-induced allergic model mice and anti-diabetic activity on streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic mice. Natural polyphenolic compounds were determined by HPLC–DAD. In addition, in silico molecular docking was conducted via ‘Vina Wizard’ program in PyRx–Python Prescription 0.8 on nine isolated compounds against histamine H1 receptor (H1R) and sulfonylurea receptor 1 (SUR1). Acute toxicity study confirmed the safety of the leaves extract up to 3000 mg/kg dose in mice. Different biochemical parameters were also in normal at a dose of 500 mg/kg in sub-acute toxicity study. The leaves extract significantly suppressed (P < 0.05) TDI-induced allergy-like symptoms. The total and differential counts of WBC in blood and broncho alveolar lavage fluid (BALF) were also decreased in extract treated allergic mice. In STZ-induced diabetic mice, the extract significantly reduced the level of blood glucose and different related biomarkers. HPLC profiling revealed the presence of nine phenolic compounds; among these myricetin and rosmarinic acid demonstrated the best docking score − 8.4 kcal/mol against H1R whereas − 7.3 kcal/mol for standard drug cetirizine. On the other hand, rutin hydrate exhibited best docking score − 10.2 kcal/mol against SUR1, whereas standard drug glibenclamide showed − 8.4 kcal/mol. In conclusion, L. racemosa is safe and rich in different polyphenolic compounds which were found effective against allergy and diabetes.