Numerical Investigation of the Optical Properties for Multiple PCF Structures in the THz Regime

Abstract

This paper presents three different PCF structures including circular, hexagonal, and square holes forming four rings. To investigate various optical properties, simulation has been performed in between 1 THz to 2 THz regimes. Using these PCF structures, the core power fraction (CPF), dispersion, confinement loss (CL), effective material loss (EML), effective area (Aeff), and propagation constant are analyzed. TOPAS is selected as the fiber material for these designed PCF structures. From the analysis, a larger CPF of 97.4% is attained for the square PCF, a small Aeff of 1.65 × 10⁵ μm², a negligible CL of 0.8 × 10⁻²² cm⁻¹, and a lower EML of 0.014 cm⁻¹ are obtained for the hexagonal PCF. Besides, a negative dispersion is found for all three PCF structures. However, these PCFs can be fabricated using the prevailing fabrication technologies. Our designed PCFs can be efficiently used in optical signal transmission, also different kinds of analyte sensing can be performed by applying a suitable core structure into these PCFs.