Exploring factors infuencing the severity of pregnancy anemia in India: a study using proportional odds model

Abstract

Pregnancy-associated anemia is a signifcant health issue that poses negative consequences for both the mother and the developing fetus. This study explores the triggering factors of anemia among pregnant females in India, utilizing data from the Demographic and Health Survey 2019–21. Chi-squared and gamma tests were conducted to fnd out the relationship between anemia and various socioeconomic and sociodemographic elements. Furthermore, ordinal logistic regression and multinomial logistic regression were used to gain deeper insight into the factors that afect anemia among pregnant women in India. According to these fndings, anemia afects about 50% of pregnant women in India. Anemia is signifcantly associated with various factors such as geographical location, level of education, and wealth index. The results of our study indicate that enhancing education and socioeconomic status may serve as viable approaches for mitigating the prevalence of anemia disease developed in pregnant females in India. Employing both Ordinal and Multinominal logistic regression provides a more comprehensive understanding of the risk factors associated with anemia, enabling the development of targeted interventions to prevent and manage this health condition. This paper aims to enhance the efcacy of anemia prevention and management strategies for pregnant women in India by ofering an in-depth understanding of the causative factors of anemia.