Differences in prevalence and determinants of hypertension according to the place of residence among adults in Nepal

Nepal has one of the highest prevalences of hypertension in the world and is an important area of research due to its high prevalence. This disease is a high threat to cardiovascular diseases and other complications in the human body. The current study investigates the associated risk factors and prevalence responsible for hypertension according to a place of residence among adults in Nepal using Nepal demographic and health survey (NDHS) data 2016. To represent the finding results, the current study uses graphical and tabular representation. This study used chi-square test to find the associated risk factors for hypertension. Multinomial as well as binary logistic regression was used to find the significant risk factors and to make a comparison among the risk factors of hypertension according to a place of residence. The prevalence of hypertension was 34.1% in rural 35.6% in urban regions. Age, ecological zone, province, alcohol intake marital status, educational level and BMI are the significant associated factors found by chi-square test. The results of multinomial and binary logistic regression effects of different covariates on hypertension showed that respondent’s age, province, wealth index, currently pregnant had a positive effect in both regions (rural and urban). Overweight and obese participants were more likely to have hypertension in both regions. The study recommends the severe improvement of public health programs in rural regions of province 3, 4 and 5. Overweight and obese people from both regions also need special focus. The risk of hypertension can be controlled by maintaining a healthy diet with the increase of age, improving their education and improving the economic status of their family. The present findings highlight the need for strategies, programmers and policies that aim to combat hypertension among hypertensive individuals to improve the surveillance systems and implementation of community-based screening programs for early detection of hypertension.

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