Generative AI in Higher Education: Effects on Student Thinking and Ethical Implications—A Systematic Literature Review

This systematic literature review examines the impact of generative AI, including tools like GPT, on higher education. It explores how AI integration affects students’ critical thinking, learning processes, and academic practices, while highlighting emerging ethical concerns such as academic integrity, bias, and responsible use. The review synthesizes current research to provide insights for educators, policymakers, and institutions aiming to harness AI technologies in ways that promote ethical, effective, and reflective learning environments.

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