Assessing spontaneous public spaces in Khulna city: Implications for inclusive urban design
Category:- Conference; Year:- 2024
Discipline:- Architecture Discipline
School:- Science, Engineering & Technology School
Abstract
This paper evaluates spontaneous public spaces in Khulna City, exploring their role in fostering inclusivity in the urban public realm. Informally shaped by community use, these spaces serve as critical sites for social interaction and belonging. Unlike many formal public spaces in Khulna, which often restrict access for marginalized groups, spontaneous spaces emerge organically and act as vibrant hubs for socialization and community engagement. This highlights the limitations of conventional urban planning in accommodating the needs of Khulna’s diverse and growing population. The study adopts a mixed-methods approach to assess the quality of two popular informal public spaces: one developed around a major transportation node and the other along a riverfront. The evaluation focuses on five key criteria: accessibility, permeability, meaningfulness, inclusivity, and emotional well-being, applied across two research stages. In the first stage, participant observation, morphological mapping, and built environment analysis are used to examine the physical and spatial attributes, including land use, infrastructure, and activity patterns. In the second stage, semi-structured interviews are conducted to gather socio-spatial data on user satisfaction and perceptions of space quality, utilizing the User Satisfaction and User Priority Indices. A thematic interpretation of the overall quality of the spaces is developed by triangulating findings from both the qualitative and quantitative analyses. The results reveal how these spontaneous spaces contribute to the city’s social and spatial fabric, advocating for their integration into urban design policy. The study highlights the physical-spatial design implications for inclusive placemaking, proposing strategies to enhance accessibility, foster social interaction, and improve the sociability of urban public spaces.