Dynamical Analysis of Platelet and Antibody Response in Dengue Virus Infection: A Mathematical Modeling Approach

Dengue fever, a mosquito-borne viral infection, poses a major public health challenge worldwide, particularly in tropical and subtropical regions. In Bangladesh, it is most prevalent in Dhaka, Chattogram, and Khulna, primarily transmitted by the bite of an infected female Aedes aegypti mosquito. The dengue virus (DENV) exists in four serotypes—DENV-1 to DENV-4—each capable of causing infection. After entering the human bloodstream, the virus infects immune cells such as dendritic cells and macrophages, triggering a strong immune response that manifests as fever, headache, muscle and joint pain, and rash. Since its emergence in Bangladesh in 2000, dengue incidence has increased dramatically, with the 2023 outbreak reporting over 3 lakh cases and 1,705 deaths, highlighting the urgent need for improved control measures s (Directorate General of Health Services, Bangladesh, 2026).

Recent studies have explored various aspects of dengue infection, including the effects of viral infection on mosquito behavior, climate-driven changes in disease prevalence, and potential antiviral therapeutics. However, accurately predicting platelet dynamics and immune responses remains challenging, as platelet depletion is a key indicator of disease severity.\\

This proposed project aims to integrate clinical data analysis with mathematical modeling to provide a predictive framework for platelet and antibody dynamics in dengue infection. Clinical data from dengue patients will be analyzed to identify dynamic patterns and key determinants of platelet behaviour. A system of differential equations will then be formulated and validated against real patient data to model platelet and antibody dynamics. The study will also identify critical parameters and inform strategies for effective platelet management, offering actionable insights for clinical decision-making and improving patient outcomes.

• Research Project